Thursday, August 17, 2017

New antiphonale released




I want to alert interested readers to the release of the first volume of a new monastic Liber Antiphonarius (aka Antiphonale, providing the chants and other texts for the day hours of the Office).

The Liber Antiphonarius will mainly be of interest to monasteries and Oblates using the Novus Ordo calendar, but the work on chant reflected in it may also be of broader interest.

In addition it may be of interest to those looking for a shorter version of the Liturgy of the Hours than the traditional monastic one, as it uses an arrangement of the psalms over a week but with no repetitions.  Note however that the book is Latin only.

The project 

The book is the product of twenty years of research by monks from Praglia Abbey, in collaboration with the nuns of the Mater Ecclesiae Monastery, who undertook the encoding and typesetting.

Volume 1 of the Liber Antiphonarius provides the texts for the proper of times and daily texts of the Office, including the hymns.    It includes the psalter (using the neo-Vulgate), proper of time (including Sunday canticles for years A, B and C of the new calendar), and texts for feasts of Our Lord. In total it comes in at around 900 pages.

The second volume, scheduled for the end of 2019, will provide the texts for the feasts of saints, as well as the Office of the Dead.

Liber Antiphonarius pro Diurnis horis

The Liber Antiphonarius is printed in red and black print on 50 grams ivory paper with gold cut, and is available with either a canvass or leather cover.

It has three particular features:
  • it is aligned with the modern Benedictine Confederation Schema B (rather than St Benedict's own psalm cursus as set out in the Rule and used in the Monastic Diurnal), which is used by a large proportion of modern (Benedictine) monasteries; 
  • it provides more than one set of antiphons for Vespers and Lauds each day, and for some major feasts, in order to increase variety; and
  • it includes Benedictus and Magnificat antiphons aligned with the new calendar.
It is worth noting that this new Liber Antiphonarius does not simply reproduce the Sunday canticles from the Solesmes 2005 Antiphonale Monasticum, but instead provides new versions of them.

Overall the governing principle for the chants has been to:
  • include rhythmical signs (episemes and puncti mora) in squared notation;
  • source chants from a particular manuscript source, with no interpolations (such as taking one antiphon from different manuscripts making a sort of "common version");
  • use the traditional chant tones;
  • minimise the use of newly-composed melodies, privileging medieval compositions; and 
  • use the original texts of hymns, not the versions 'corrected' and 'mitigated' in the twentieth century.
I haven't actually seen a copy, so can't attest to the results, but this certainly sounds like an advance on the approach used in the 2005 Solesmes equivalent volume (which is largely based around Benedictine Schema A).

You can read more details on the approach taken here.

Ordering a copy

The Liber Antiphonarius costs Euro 57 (canvas cover) or E75 (leather cover) plus shipping. There is a special discount price for orders before 30 September of E45/63.
It can be ordered by mailing or emailing the monastery:

Praglia Abbey - Shipping
Via Abbazia di Praglia, 16
I-35037 Teolo PD - Italy
spedizioni@praglia.it

Orders will be processed from 2 October 2017.

Return to tradition?

Regular readers will know that my hope and prayers are for a return to the traditional Benedictine Office, using the psalm cursus set out in the Benedictine Rule (and the Vulgate rather than the neo-Vulgate), and this blog is dedicated to that purpose.  While it is true that St Benedictine allows for the use of other weekly arrangements of the psalms, I think his particular one embodies a particular spirituality reflecting the Rule, and so is an important element of the Benedictine charism and patrimony.

Unfortunately the traditional Office was largely abandoned (voluntarily and otherwise!) in the wake of Vatican II, with most monasteries following the Roman Office in suppressing Prime, and seeking to eliminate some or all of the repetitions of psalms in the Office.  This antiphonale obviously reflects this, in my view, unfortunate direction.

Nonetheless, every step in the direction of tradition is to be applauded, and so the development of a new monastic Antiphonale utilising the original chants wherever possible, and thus allowing Schema B to be readily sung in Latin and chant, is at least a step in the right direction!

Monday, August 14, 2017

Feast of the Assumption (August 15)

 Titian's Assunta (1516–18).


And a suitably grand version of Vespers for the feast:

Friday, August 4, 2017

Notre Dame Monastery Australia

The process of forming a traditional monastery in Australia has taken a few steps forward recently, so I thought it was time for an update!

You may recall that I posted on this a while back, and noted that the monastery is led by a monk from Flavigny in France, and is following their charism of offering Ignatian retreats.

The latest news is that the group of candidates have now progressed, so that the priory now has four postulants.  Please do keep them in your prayers.

Secondly, the monastery has acquired some land on which to build the monastery, and is therefore now in full fundraising mode - please do take a look at the video below, and see if you can contribute.  Details of how to do so can be found on the monastery's website (note that US donations are tax-exempt).





Thursday, August 3, 2017

St Germanus of Auxerre (August 3) (with a postscript on Office history)


St Patrick being taugt by St Germanus,
Gloucester Cathedral

Today is the feast of St Germanus, a fourth century (378-448) bishop of Auxerre.

His feast is also celebrated by some English monasteries because he made at least one, and possibly two trips to that country to counter the Pelagian heresy.

One of his claims to fame is that St Patrick may have been part of his entourage on that occasion.  There is another possible English connection though, that has some relevance to the history of the Office in the seventh century that I've set out below for those interested.

First though, the saint himself - and he's a saint with a great story.

Life of St Germanus

Originally trained as a lawyer, Germanus rose to become a governor in Gaul, but was far from saintly in his behaviour, antagonising his bishop by hanging the products of his hunting expeditions from a tree with pagan associations.  The bishop had the tree chopped down and the trophies burnt; to prevent retribution he had him forcibly tonsured and ordained a deacon.

Overnight Germanus became a changed man, distributing his goods among the poor, practising great austerities.  When he became a bishop, he built a large monastery to which he often retired.

On his English trip (or trips) he was instrumental in promoting the cult of St Alban, the first recorded British martyr.  He was most famous though, for personally leading a battle against the invading Picts and Saxons.

The story goes that the pagans were lured to attack, thinking that the Christians would be busy celebrating Easter.  St Germanus, though, started the service, and at the end of it ordered his small band of fighters to spread themselves out on the hills to surround the invaders. He told each group to build some huge fires, but wait until the signal to light them. At some point after midnight, Germanus ordered the men of his group to strike their shields with their weapons, light their signal fire, and begin to shout, "Alleluia! Alleluia!"  The enemy were taken by surprise and panicked, ran, some of them drowning while attempting to cross a nearby river, the only casualties of the "Alleluia Battle."

Here is the description of what happened from the life of the saint by Constantius of Lyon, written around 480:
Meanwhile, the Saxons and the Picts had joined forces to make war upon the Britons. The latter had been compelled to withdraw their forces within their camp and, judging their resources to be utterly unequal to the contest, asked the help of the holy prelates. The latter sent back a promise to come, and hastened to follow it. Their coming brought such a sense of security that you might have thought that a great army had arrived; to have such apostles for leaders was to have Christ Himself fighting in the camp.
It was the season of Lent and the presence of the bishops made the sacred forty days still more sacred; so much so that the soldiers, who received instruction in daily sermons, flew eagerly to the grace of baptism; indeed, great numbers of this pious army sought the waters of salvation. A church was built of leafy branches in readiness for Easter Day, on the plan of a city church, though set in a camp on active service. The soldiers paraded still wet from baptism, faith was fervid, the aid of weapons was thought little of, and all looked for help from heaven.
Meanwhile the enemy had learned of the practices and appearance of the camp. They promised themselves an easy victory over practically disarmed troops and pressed on in haste. But their approach was discovered by scouts and, when the Easter solemnities had been celebrated, the army--the greater part of it fresh from the font--began to take up their weapons and prepare for battle and Germanus announced that he would be their general [dux proelii, "leader for this battle"]. He chose some light-armed troops and made a tour of the outworks. In the direction from which the enemy were expected he saw a valley enclosed by steep mountains. Here he stationed an army on a new model, under his own command.
By now the savage host of the enemy was close at hand and Germanus rapidly circulated an order that all should repeat in unison the call he would give as a battle-cry. Then, while the enemy were still secure in the belief that their approach was unexpected, the bishops three times chanted the Alleluia. All, as one man, repeated it and the shout they raised rang through the air and was repeated many times in the confined space between the mountains.
The enemy were panic-stricken, thinking that the surrounding rocks and the very sky itself were falling on them. Such was their terror that no effort of their feet seemed enough to save them. They fled in every direction, throwing away their weapons and thankful if they could save at least their skins. Many threw themselves into the river which they had just crossed at their ease, and were drowned in it.
Thus the British army looked on at its revenge without striking a blow, idle spectators of the victory achieved. The booty strewn everywhere was collected; the pious soldiery obtained the spoils of a victory from heaven. The bishops were elated at the rout of the enemy without bloodshed and a victory gained by faith and not by force.(trans Robert Vermaat
On his return to Gaul, he proceeded to Armorica (Brittany) to intercede for the Armoricans who had been in rebellion. Their punishment was deferred at his entreaty, till he should have laid their case before the emperor. He set out for Italy, and reached Milan on 17 June, 448. Then he journeyed to Ravenna, where he interviewed the empress-mother, Galla Placidia, on their behalf. The empress and the bishop of the city, St. Peter Chrysologus, gave him a royal welcome, and the pardon he sought was granted

Postscript: Which St Germanus?

There is another possible English connection to St Germanus though, and this is one for Office history tragics, as it is rather obscure!

The possible connection is a reference to a St Germanus in Ordo Romani XIX.

The Office in the seventh century and the Ordines Romani

The Ordines Romani are kind of a combination between a customary and a rituale, describing how the liturgy should be performed, but also covering aspects of daily life in the monastery (such as the table blessings included in Ordo XIX).

Most of them date from the seventh to the ninth centuries, and were probably written by monks and others from Gaul and elsewhere, but purport to describe Roman practice, typically as the exemplar all should follow.

A small sub-set of them, though, have been argued to be the work of an actual Roman monk of the seventh century, Abbot John of St Martin's, one of the four monasteries attached to St Peter's at the Vatican, aka St Bede the Venerable's John the Archcantor. [1]

One of this group, Ordo XIX, contains an intriguing section naming various popes and others who contributed to the development of the Roman liturgy, exhorting obedience and conformity, and talking about the dark clouds of heresy that were swirling around.  And in this discussion it names four bishops as exemplars, namely SS Hilary, Martin, Germanus and Ambrose.

Both the editor of the Ordines Romani, Andrieu (who rejected the claim that it was written by John the Archcantor)[2], and the most recent commentator on it, Constant Mews (who argues for John's authorship) [3] identified the Germanus in question as the sixth century bishop of Paris, presumably because of his liturgical interests.

I wonder though, if Germanus of Auxerre isn't a much better fit, and indeed helps make the case that the document is indeed the work of  'John the Archcantor', abbot of the monastery of St Martin's, attached to St Peter's in the Vatican, who visited England around 680.

The date and authorship of the document is important, because it potentially provides some hard evidence for the use of the Benedictine Office in Rome (contrary to the claims of Guy Hallinger back in 1957)[4], and even more importantly, perhaps, its use and transmission to England, countering the claims most recently by Jesse Billett, in his The Divine Office in the Middle Ages, [5] for example.

Ordo Romani XIX

I'm not going to go into all of the arguments for and against its identification, I just want to focus on the four bishops mentioned in the text.

Andrieu, the editor of the Ordines, dated it to the late eighth century because of its references to a swirling seventh heresy, which he saw as iconoclasm, addressed in the eighth ecumenical council in 787.

But a century earlier, heresy was just as much a focus, and indeed while St Bede focuses primarily on John the Archcantor's role in running chant classes for monks from Wearmouth-Jarrow for monks from all over the province, he also discusses what was in reality, probably John's main mission, namely to consult the foremost theological expert on the heresy in question, Archbishop Theodore of Canterbury [6], and to drum up support for the Pope's plan to take on the Eastern Church - and more importantly Emperor - on the heresy of Monethelitism.

In the run up to the Third Council of Constantinople in 680-1, a series of regional synods were held, and John was the Pope's representative at the one held in Hatfield in England.

This was delicate ground for the Western Church - the last Pope who had confronted the Emperor on this subject, Martin I - who is probably not coincidentally the last Pope named in Ordo Romani XIX - was martyred for his efforts.

Standing up to Emperors - and winning

Andrieu saw the list of four bishops - all from Gaul or Northern Italy - as evidence of its non-Roman origin.

But in fact all four of these bishops, at least if we count Germanus of Auxerre rather than Paris, have other claims to fame, that might have made them appropriate models for John the Archcantor's cause, namely associations with countering key heresies that afflicted Rome at various points, and of having stood up to Emperors, and won.

St Hilary of Poitiers (310-367), apart from being known as a writer of hymns, was famous as the 'hammer of the Arians' and had confrontations with two Emperors on the subject.

St Martin of Tours (316-397) was initially a disciple of Hilary's, and affected by his various Arian-related exiles.  But he also famously told Julian the Apostate that he could no longer serve him as a soldier; he also later interceded for some Priscillian heretics with the Emperor, seeking for them to be dealt with by the Church rather than State.  And of course his inclusion on the list perhaps fits neatly with the fact that John was abbot of a monastery dedicated to him, and had stopped over at Tours on the trip to England, and promised to visit on the way back (he died before he could make it, but St Bede relates that because of his devotion to St Martin, his friends carried his body to Tours and he was buried there).

St Ambrose (340-397) is famous on several grounds for his liturgical contributions, but also for converting St Augustine from Manichaeanism, refusing demands from two Emperors to turn over churches to the Arians, and actually outright excommunicating the Emperor Theodosius, and making him do penance.

Germanus of Auxerre (378-448) also has some claim to liturgical fame in the form of the cult of St Alban and the Alleluia Battle, was associated with countering another key heresy that made it to Rome, in the form of Pelagianism, and also successfully interceded with the Emperor of his day, and of course his English associations would make him particularly appropriate to call upon in the context of John the Archcantor's visit to that country.

So we have four, more or less contemporary bishops, all with liturgical associations but also all famous for combatting heresy, and all famous for surviving encounters with emperors (and though I haven't gone into these, all also with some monastic associations).  And Germanus of Auxerre, particularly appropriate for a work written for the English monks...

Just speculation though!

For those interested, the paragraph in question is:

39. Nescio qua fronte vel termitate presumptuoso spiritu ausi sunt beatum Hilarium atque Martinum sive Germano vel Ambrosio, seu plures sanctos Dei, quos scrimus de sancta sede romana a beato Petro apostolum [et] soccessoribus suis directus in terra ista occidentale et virtutis atque miracolis curuscare...


Footnotes

[1] The original identication of the group of Ordines was made by C Silva-Tarouca, Giovanni 'archicantor' di S Piero a Roma e 'l's Ordo' romanus da lui composto (anno 680), Alli della Pontificio Academia rom. di archeologica, Memorie, vol 1, Parte 1, Rome, 1923, pp150-219.  St Bede's description of the visit of John the Archcantor can be found in his History of the English Church and People, Book 4, chapter 18.

[2] Michel Andrieu (ed), Les Ordines Romani du haut moyen age (ed) Louvain : Spicilegium Sacrum Lovaniense Administration, 1956-1974.  Ordines XIX is in volume 3, pp 217-227, but the discussion on its date and authorship is spread between the overall introduction to volume 3 (pp 3-21) and that for the particular Ordo (pp 211-13).

[3] Constant J. Mews,  Gregory the Great, the Rule of Benedict and Roman liturgy: the evolution of a legend, Journal of Medieval History, 2011, 37:2, 125-144.

[4] Guy Hallinger, Early Roman Monasteries Notes for the history of the monasteries and convents at Rome from the v through the X century, Pontificio Istuto di Archeologia Cristiana, Rome, 1957.  Hallinger's claims have come under increasing fire in recent times; apart from Mews above, see for example Marios Costambeys and Conrad Leyser, To be the neighbour of St Stephen: patronage, martyr cult, and Roman monasteries c, 600-900 in Kate Cooper and Julia Hillner ed, Religion, Dynasty, and Patronage in Early Christian Rome, 300-900, CUP 2007, pp 262-287.

[5] Jesse D. Billett, The Divine Office in Anglo-Saxon England 597-c. 1000, Henry Bradshaw Society: London, 2014

[6] Archbishop Theodore was originally an Eastern refugee monk who ended up at Rome.  He almost certainly attended the Lateran Synod of 649 (mentioned by Bede in his account) on the monthelite heresy as a periti: see Michael Lapidge, The Career of Archbishop Theodore in Lapidge (ed) Archbishop Theodore: Commemorative Studies on his life and influence, CUP, 1995.


Tuesday, August 1, 2017

Saints and feasts of August



August 1

The Holy Maccabees (memorial)

August 2

St Alphonsus Liguori (memorial)

August 3

St Lydia
St Germanus of Auxerre

August 4

St Dominic (Class III)

August 5

Dedication of the Church of Our Lady of the Snows (Memorial)
SS Oswald and Oswin

August 6

Feast of the Transfiguration of Our Lord (Class II)

7 August

SS Sixtus II, Felicissimus and Agapitus, memorial
St Cajetan (EF)
St Nicolas Postgate (English martyr)

8 August

St Cyriacus, memorial
St John Mary Vianney (EF)
St Mary of the Cross (Mary McKillop) (Australia and NZ)

9 August

Vigil of St Lawrence, Class III
St Teresa Benedict of the Cross (Edith Stein)

10 August

St Lawrence, Class II

11 August

St. Tiburtius, Memorial
St Susanna (EF)

12 August

St. Clare, memorial

13 August

SS Pontianus, Pope and Hippolytus, Martyrs, Memorial

14 August

St Maximilian Kolbe (OF)
Vigil of the Assumption, Class II        

15 August

Assumption of Our Lady

16 August

 SS Joachim (EF) and Stephen of Hungary (OF)

17 August

St Hyacinth (EF)

18 August

St Agapitus, memorial

19 August

[EF: St John Eudes]
[1977 Benedictine Confederation - St Bernard Tolomei]

20 August

St Bernard of Clairvaux

21 August

St Bernard Ptolemy OSB
[EF: St Jane Frances de Chantal]
[OF: St Pius X]

22 August

St Timothy (memorial)
[EF: Immaculate Heart of the BVM]

23 August

SS Philip Benizi (EF) and Rose of Lima (OF)

24 August 

St Bartholomew, Class II

25 August

 SS Louis (EF) and Joseph Calasanz (OF)
St Thomas of Hereford

26 August

27 August

28 August

St Augustine of Hippo (Class III)
Commemoration of St Hermes

29 August

The beheading of St John the Baptist, Class III

 30 August

SS Felix and Adauctus, memorial
[EF/***in some places, St Rose of Lima]
SS Margaret Clitherow, Anne Line & Margaret Ward

31 August

St Raymond Nonnatus (EF)
St Aidan of Lindisfarne


Tuesday, July 11, 2017

Feast of the translation of the relics of St Benedict (July 11)

St. Benedict hands over the Rule of the New Order to the Monks of Monte Cassino - Turino Vanni

An account of the translation of the relics to Fleury:
IN the name of Christ. There was in France, by God's gracious providence, a learned Priest who set about to journey towards Italy, that he might discover where were the bones of our father St Benedict, no longer worshipped by men. 
At length he came into a desert country some 70 or 80 miles from Rome, where St Benedict of old had built a cell whose indwellers had been bound together in perfect charity. Yet, even then, this Priest and his companions were disquieted by-the uncertainties of the place, since they could find neither vestiges of the monastery nor any burial-place, until at last a swineherd showed them exactly where the monastery had stood; yet he was utterly unable to find the sepulcher' until he and his companions had hallowed themselves by a two or three days' fast. 
Then it was revealed to their cook in a dream, and the matter became plain unto them; for in the morning it was shown unto them by him who seemed lowest in degree, that St Paul's words might be true, that God despises that which is held in great esteem among men; or again, as the Lord Himself foretold, "Whosoever will be great among you, let him be your minister." 
Then, searching the spot with greater diligence, they found a marble slab which they had to cut through. At last, having broken through the slab, they found the bones of St Benedict, and his sister's bones beneath, with another marble slab between; since (as we believe) the almighty and merciful God would that those should be united in their sepulcher who, in life, had been joined together in brotherly and sisterly love, and in Christian charity.
Having collected and washed these bones they laid them upon fine clean linen, each by itself, to be carried home to their own country. 
They gave no sign to the Romans lest, if these had learnt the truth, they would doubtless never have suffered such holy relics to be withdrawn from their country without conflict or war - relics which God made manifest, in order that men might see how great was their need of religion and holiness, by the following miracle. For, within a while, the linen that wrapped these bones was found red with the saint's blood, as though from open wounds on living whereby Jesus Christ intended to show that those whose bones are here so glorious would truly live with Him in the world to come. 
Then they were laid upon a horse which bore them over all that long journey as lightly as though he had felt no burden. Again, when they journeyed through forest ways and on narrow roads, neither did the trees impede them nor did any ruggedness of the path obstruct their journey; so that the travelers saw clearly how this was through the merits of St Benedict and his sister St Scholastica, in order that their journey might be safe and prosperous even into the realm of France and the monastery of Fleury. 
In which monastery they are now buried in peace, until they arise in glory at the Last Day; and here they confer benefits upon all who pray unto the Father through Jesus Christ, the Son of God, who lives and reigns in the unity die Holy Ghost, world without end. Amen.
(From C.G. Coulton, ed, Life in the Middle Ages, (New York: Macmillan, c.1910), Vol IV, 29-31)

The authenticity of the relics

Monte Cassino, however, it should be noted, has always maintained that Fleury's relics are not those of the saint.  Their website currently states:
Having been dutifully cared for, the earthly remains of St. Benedict and his twin sister St. Scholastica rest today at the celebrated hilltop monastery of Montecassino. Both Saints passed away in the mid 6th century, St. Scholastica at her nearby convent and St. Benedict at Montecassino. 
A black marble scroll on their tomb says: St. Benedict and St. Scholastica were never separated in spirit during their life nor are their bodies separated in their death. 
The original urn was made of alabaster, and held a lead container big enough for two people's remains. It was initially located underneath the primitive oratory of St. John the Baptist, built above the ancient acropolis' pagan altar to Apollo. The tomb of St. Benedict and St. Scholastica, having survived so many centuries, destructions, and more recently the bombardment of WWII, can be found today at the High Altar of the reconstructed cathedral of Montecassino, surrounded by ornate and beautiful decorations.
Following WWII a methodical survey and excavation of the ancient sepulcher and bones inside the tomb was carried out. The experts conducted a thoroughly documented study at Montecassino and agreed on the authenticity of the remains, reaffirming like other have in the past, that they indeed belong to St. Benedict and his sister St. Scholastica.
It should be noted, however, that Fleury's relics have similarly been identified as originating in the sixth century, and surviving correspondence (though of questionable authenticity) suggests that the relic thieves were all excommunicated by the Pope of the time.

The leader of the tomb raiders, Aygulf, later became abbot of Lerins, and attempted to introduce the Rule there.  A rebellion led by two monks, allegedly aided and abetted by the local bishop, however, led to Aygulf and a group of his companions being marooned on a neighbouring island, where they were, it was claimed, killed by pirates...

Saturday, July 8, 2017

Brush up your rubrics: Vespers for feasts and seasons

Image result for vespers

Yesterday in this refresher series on the rubrics I talked mainly about Vespers on ordinary days.  But I thought I'd finish up the series (unless anyone has any requests for particular topics I haven't yet covered) with the issue of variations of Vespers during particular seasons and for feasts.

Fixed and variable elements of Vespers


As I noted yesterday, pretty much all of the elements of Vespers can change on feasts, as the table below illustrates.


 VESPERS
 Fixed vs variable

Opening prayers
fixed (except for Alleluia, replaced during Septuagesima and Lent)

Antiphons
and psalms 

variable 
Chapter
variable

Short Responsory
variable

Hymn
variable

Versicle
variable

Antiphon for the Magnificat

variable
Magnificat
fixed

Antiphon for the Magnificat

variable
Closing prayers, including collect

 fixed
Collect
variable

Accordingly, you need to read the instructions in the Diurnal (or an Ordo) to know which texts to change.  This post provides some summary information on how the Office can change, so you have some idea what to expect.

Feasts 


On Class III, II or I feasts or days, the texts can come from the Proper of Seasons, Proper of Saints or the 'Commons of Saints'.

The basic principle is that depending on the level of the feast, the normal weekday texts will be pushed out by those for the feast.

If there isn't a special set of texts just for that feast, then you generally use some or all of the 'Commons' of the relevant type of saint (martyr, confessor, etc) instead.

The normal rule (though there are some exceptions) is that if a feast has its own antiphons, the psalms will be of the feast, not the day.

On feasts of saints, the Diurnal (and/or an Ordo) normally tells you where to find the texts you need.  The table below, though, summarises the main impacts.


LEVEL OF FEAST

EFFECT ON VESPERS
Memorial

none
Class III without
proper antiphons

Psalms and antiphons of the day; 

chapter, responsory, hymn etc from the Common
Class III with proper antiphons

Psalms of Sunday or the Common; antiphons of the feast; chapter etc for the feast (from the proper of the feast or the Common)
Class II
All for the feast (or from the Common of Saints or season), including psalms of feast, Sunday or Common

Class I
All for the feast (or from the Common of saints or season) with I Vespers the night before


Seasons


During some times of the year such as Advent and Lent, the psalms of the day of the week continue to be used, but all of the other elements have different texts, found in the Proper of Seasons.

The texts you have to use can come from several different places and the Office becomes quite complex to manage.

The key thing to keep in mind at these special times of the year is that the texts can be 'of the season' (for example the hymn, chapter, responsory and versicle), 'of the week(s) of the season' (antiphons during Advent for example), of the day of the season (canticle antiphons for example), and of the date.

Sundays in the major seasons are effectively like feasts of saints, with a complete set of texts for the particular Sunday.  Which texts are used on weekdays though, varies with the season, as the table below summarises for the first four seasons of the liturgical year:


 VESPERS
Advent
up to Dec 16
Advent
Dec 17-23
Nativitytide (Jan 2-5)

Epiphanytide
(Jan 7-12)
Opening prayers
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed

Fixed
Antiphons
Of the Advent week
Of the day (MD 39*)

As throughout the year in the psalter

As throughout the year in the psalter

Psalms
Fixed (ie of the day of the week in the psalter)

Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
Chapter, short responsory, hymn and versicle
Of Advent 
(MD  15*)

Of Advent
Of Nativitytide
( MD 123*)
Of Epiphanytide
 (MD 137*)

Antiphon for the Magnificat
Of the day
Of the date (O antiphons)
Of Nativitytide

Of the number of the day counting from Jan 6 (MD 139*)
Magnificat
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed

Fixed
Closing prayers
Fixed
Fixed

Fixed
Fixed
Collect
Of the (previous) Sunday
Of the Sunday
Of the Sunday
Before and after the Sunday collects

(PS: Do let me know if you find this table helpful, and would like to compile a similar one for the other seasons of the liturgical year).

Feasts of saints

On Class III, II or I feasts or days, the texts can come from the Proper of Seasons, Proper of Saints or the 'Commons of Saints'.

The basic principle is that depending on the level of the feast, the normal weekday texts will be pushed out by those for the feast.

If there isn't a special set of texts just for that feast, then you generally use some or all of the 'Commons' of the relevant type of saint (martyr, confessor, etc) instead.

The normal rule (though there are some exceptions) is that if a feast has its own antiphons, the psalms will be of the feast, not the day.

On feasts of saints, the Diurnal (and/or an Ordo) normally tells you where to find the texts you need.  The table below, though, summarises the main impacts.


LEVEL OF FEAST

EFFECT ON VESPERS
Memorial

none
Class III without
proper antiphons

Psalms and antiphons of the day; 
 chapter, responsory, hymn etc from the Common
Class III with proper antiphons

Psalms of Sunday or the Common; antiphons of the feast; chapter etc for the feast (from the proper of the feast or the Common)
Class II
All for the feast (or from the Common of Saints or season), including psalms of feast, Sunday or Common

Class I
All for the feast (or from the Common of saints or season) with I Vespers the night before